Shedding Light on Conrads Darkness :: Essays Papers

Revealing Insight into Conrad's Darkness My mom bore me in the southern wild, And I am dark, yet O! my spirit is white; White as a heavenly attendant is the English youngster: But I am dark as though bereav'd of light. - William Blake The Little Black Boy. Bereav'd of light is the quintessential thought one experiences when perusing Conrad's Heart of Darkness. We enter the Congo, a spot loaded up with Keats' verdurous despairs and winding overgrown ways, a spot where Conrad calls the farthest purpose of route. From whence comes our wellspring of light? Who is this wellspring of light? So as to upgrade our understanding I recommend that we investigate the person who is strange. To explain my proposition, I intend to state that we will take a gander at the Black man in the White setting, and the other way around. In Book VII of his celebrated sonnet, The Prelude, William Wordsworth recounts his experience with The Beggar in the city of London. As I would like to think, the Beggar is illustrative of the Black man in London. He is viewed as a poor person, rewarded like one, and regarded, or rather, affronted, similar to one. He is just an exhibition, an annoyance, living off the unimportant pieces of the English. Wordsworth depicts the poor person saying, ...a daze Beggar, who, with his upstanding face, stood, propped against a divider, upon his chest wearing a composed paper, to clarify the tale of the man and what his identity was. My psyche did at this display turn round as with the might of waters, and I couldn't help suspecting that in this name was a sort, or image, the very pinnacle of that we know, both of ourselves and of the universe; and on the state of the unmoving man, his fixed face and blind eyes, I looked, as though advised from a different universe. We discover the Beggar stran ge, in a world obviously not his own. He is named, disregarded, outcasted. He lies visually impaired, forsaken, unmoving. This is the thing that the English society has done to him. Like the African locals in Heart of Darkness he is quieted, yet he shouts an amazing picture. His name says everything. Wordsworth, the Englishman, can't contact him, as he seems to be from a different universe. Yet he really want to be gotten, caught, by the scene of the Beggar. His message can't be neglected, similarly as Conrad's message isn't to be ignored either.

Forward the Foundation Chapter 24

8 Like any educated person, Hari Seldon had utilized the Galactic Library openly. Generally, it had been done significant distance through PC, yet periodically he had visited it, more to escape from the weights of the Psychohistory Project than for some other reason. Furthermore, for the recent years, since he had first defined his arrangement to discover others like Wanda, he had kept a hidden office there, so he could have prepared access to any of the Library's immense assortment of information. He had even leased a little condo in a neighboring division under the arch with the goal that he would have the option to stroll to the Library when his ever-expanding research there kept him from coming back to the Streeling Sector. Presently, be that as it may, his arrangement had taken on new measurements and he needed to meet Las Zenow. It was the first occasion when he had ever met him eye to eye. It was difficult to mastermind an individual meeting with the Chief Librarian of the Galactic Library. His own impression of the nature and estimation of his office was high and it was as often as possible said that when the Emperor wished to counsel the Chief Librarian, even he needed to visit the Library himself and sit tight. Seldon be that as it may, experienced no difficulty. Zenow realized him well, however he had never observed Hari Seldon face to face. â€Å"An respect, First Minister,† he said in welcome. Seldon grinned. â€Å"I trust you realize that I have not held that post in sixteen years.† â€Å"The respect of the title is as yet yours. In addition, sir, you were additionally instrumental in freeing us of the fierce principle of the junta. The junta, on various events, abused the consecrated principle of the nonpartisanship of the Library.† (Ok, thought Seldon that represents the availability with which he saw me.) â€Å"Merely rumor,† he said so anyone might hear. â€Å"And now, tell me,† said Zenow, who couldn't avoid a brief glance at the time band on his wrist, â€Å"what would i be able to accomplish for you?† â€Å"Chief Librarian,† started Seldon â€Å"I have not come to solicit anything simple from you. What I need is more space at the Library. I need consent to acquire some of my partners. I need authorization to embrace a long and expand program of the best importance.† Las Zenow's face brought into an appearance of misery. â€Å"You ask a lot. Would you be able to clarify the significance of all this?† â€Å"Yes. The Empire is currently disintegration.† There was a long respite. At that point Zenow stated, â€Å"I have known about your examination into psychohistory. I have been informed that your new science bears the guarantee of anticipating what's to come. Is it psychohistorical expectations of which you are speaking?† â€Å"No. I have not yet arrived at the point in psychohistory where I can talk about the future with conviction. In any case, you needn't bother with psychohistory to realize that the Empire is crumbling. You can see the proof yourself.† Zenow moaned. â€Å"My work here devours me absolutely, Professor Seldon. I am a kid with regards to political and social matters.† â€Å"You may, on the off chance that you wish, counsel the data contained in the Library. Why check out this very office-it is packed with each possible kind of data from all through the whole Galactic Empire.† â€Å"I'm the last to stay aware of everything, I'm afraid,† Zenow stated, grinning tragically. â€Å"You know the old axiom: The shoemaker's youngster has no shoes. It appears to me, however, that the Empire is reestablished. We have an Emperor again.† â€Å"In name just, Chief Librarian. In the greater part of the peripheral areas, the Emperor's name is referenced ceremonially once in a while, yet he assumes no job in what they do. The Outer Worlds control their own projects and, increasingly significant, they control the neighborhood military, which are outside the grasp of the Emperor's power. On the off chance that the Emperor were to attempt to apply his power anyplace outside the Inner Worlds, he would come up short. I question that it will take over twenty years, at the outside, before a portion of the Outer Worlds pronounce their independence.† Zenow moaned once more. â€Å"If you are correct, we live in more terrible occasions than the Empire has ever observed. Be that as it may, what has this to do with your craving for more office space and extra staff here in the Library?† â€Å"If the Empire self-destructs, the Galactic Library may not get away from the general carnage.† â€Å"Oh, however it must,† said Zenow truly. â€Å"There have been terrible occasions previously and it has consistently been comprehended that the Galactic Library on Trantor, as the storehouse of all human information, must stay intact. Thus it will be in the future.† â€Å"It may not be. You said yourself that the junta damaged its neutrality.† â€Å"Not seriously.† â€Å"It may be increasingly genuine next time and we can't permit this store of all human information to be damaged.† â€Å"How will your expanded nearness here forestall that?† â€Å"It won't. Be that as it may, the venture I am keen on will. I need to make an incredible Encyclopedia, containing inside it all the information mankind should revamp itself on the off chance that the most noticeably awful happens-an Encyclopedia Galactica, maybe. We needn't bother with everything the Library has. A lot of it is trifling. The commonplace libraries dissipated over the Galaxy may themselves be devastated and, if not, everything except the most neighborhood information is acquired by modernized association with the Galactic Library regardless. What I expect, at that point, is something that is totally free and that contains, in as brief a structure as could be expected under the circumstances, the fundamental data mankind needs.† â€Å"And on the off chance that it, as well, is destroyed?† â€Å"I trust it won't be. It is my expectation to locate a world far away on the edges of the Galaxy, one where I can move my Encyclopedists and where they can work in harmony. Until such a spot is found, notwithstanding, I need the core of the gathering to work here and to utilize the Library offices to choose what will be required for the project.† Zenow scowled. â€Å"I see your point, Professor Seldon, however I don't know that it very well may be done.† â€Å"Why not, Chief Librarian?† â€Å"Because being Chief Librarian doesn't make me an outright ruler. I have a fairly enormous Board-a sort of council and kindly don't imagine that I can simply push your Encyclopedia Project through.† â€Å"I'm astonished.† â€Å"Don't be. I am not a well known Chief Librarian. The Board has been battling, for certain years now, for restricted access to the Library. I have stood up to. It nerves them that I have managed you your little office space.† â€Å"Limited access?† â€Å"Exactly. The thought is that in the event that anybody needs data, the individual in question must speak with a Librarian and the Librarian will get the data for the individual. The Board doesn't wish individuals to enter the Library uninhibitedly and manage the PCs themselves. They state that the cost required to keep the PCs and other Library hardware fit as a fiddle is turning out to be prohibitive.† â€Å"But that is incomprehensible. There's a millennial custom of an open Galactic Library.† â€Å"So there is, however as of late, allotments to the Library have been cut a few times and we just don't have the assets we used to have. It is getting hard to keep our gear up to the mark.† Seldon scoured his jawline. â€Å"But if your appointments are going down, I envision you need to cut pay rates and fire individuals or, in any event, not employ new ones.† â€Å"You are actually right.† â€Å"In which case, by what method will you figure out how to put new works on a contracting work power by requesting that your kin acquire all the data that the open will request?† â€Å"The thought is that we won't discover all the data that the open will demand yet just those snippets of data that we consider important.† â€Å"So that not exclusively will you forsake the open Library yet in addition the total Library?† â€Å"I'm apprehensive so.† â€Å"I can hardly imagine how any Librarian would need this.† â€Å"You don't know Gennaro Mummery, Professor Seldon.† At Seldon's devoid look, Zenow proceeded. † ‘Who is he?' you wonder. The pioneer of that bit of the Board that desires to cut off the Library. Increasingly more of the Board are his ally. On the off chance that I let you and your partners into the Library as a free power, various Board individuals who may not be Mummery's ally however who are never going to budge against any control of any piece of the Library aside from by Librarians may choose to cast a ballot with him. Also, all things considered, I will be compelled to leave as Chief Librarian.† â€Å"See here,† said Seldon with abrupt vitality. â€Å"All this business of perhaps shutting down the Library, of making it less available, of denying all data this business of declining apportionments this is itself an indication of Imperial crumbling. Don't you agree?† â€Å"If you put it that way, you might be right.† â€Å"Then let me converse with the Board. Let me clarify what the future may hold and what I wish to do. Maybe I can convince them, as I trust I've convinced you.† Zenow thought for a second. â€Å"I'm ready to allow you to attempt, yet you should know ahead of time that your arrangement may not work.† €Å"i must take that risk. Kindly do whatever must be done and told me when and where I can meet the Board.† Seldon left Zenow in a temperament of anxiety. All that he had told the Chief Librarian was valid and paltry. The genuine explanation he required the utilization of the Library stayed covered up. Halfway this was on the grounds that he didn't yet observe that utilization obviously himself. 9 Hari Seldon sat at Yugo Amaryl's bedside-calmly, unfortunately. Yugo was completely spent. He was past clinical assistance, regardless of whether he would have assented to benefit himself of such assistance, which he can't. He was just fifty-five. Seldon was himself sixty-six

5 Step Guide to School Team Management

5 Step Guide to School Team Management School team management can be a difficult job. Especially when your team members span multiple projects, various departments and sometimes even different locations. School Team Management Techniques  for Effective Teamwork Having systems and processes in place that are quick, simple and reliable will help to reduce the workload, stress, and time requirements of you and your team. While also making projects that bit simpler to manage. At MakerLabs, we’ve tried and tested a range of strategies which are neither expensive nor complex but really work for teams. In this article, I’d like to share some of the most noteworthy school team management techniques with you. Most of the examples I give are in relation to school team management yet many of these project and team management methods are applicable across sectors. In this article Ill cover: The concepts and ideas I have found work for managing teams and projects, relying on accountability, transparency and communication. Disruptive ideas which provide different ways to think about your current setup and ways of working, such as the online tools your team are using. With that in mind, let’s begin with our 5 step guide to effective school team management. 1. Encouraging positive accountability There are so many books, videos, white papers, and speakers who can talk at length about ‘people management’ or ‘increasing accountability’. By definition, accountability is essentially taking responsibility for something. In my experience, this is a lot easier to encourage when there are no hidden agendas, no confusion over the main aims of a project. Simply put, where everything is on the table. Fostering an environment where there is clarity, where team members can see everything, and where there are clear lines of communication. These are the optimal conditions for allowing staff to be responsible and achieving positive school team management. Essentially, treating everyone like the professional adults they would like to be. Transparency The idea of transparency has always fascinated me. A lot of people, from politicians to CEOs, point out that they are transparent or have transparency in their business. But while this sounds impressive Ive always wondered, what does that actually mean? In my opinion, there will always have to be a level of private discussion within teams. Certainly, HR elements, for example, shouldn’t be broadcast to all and sundry. When looking at school team  management however, I feel there is certainly a lot that can and should be done to enable every level of your team to understand whats going on. Having clear lines of communication in any project is the key. We use MeisterTask for that. All team members are able to see which tasks are needed, done, or under way, as well as who’s responsibility it is to see each task through. Kanban tasks, columns, and flexibility Kanban literally translated means signboard or billboard in Japanese. Its a really simple scheduling system developed by an industrial engineer at Toyota to increase efficiency within production and design lines. Essentially a corkboard for tasks (think Post-it notes) whereby each task is moved across boards as processes are completed. The concept has been adopted enthusiastically by software development teams, and large corporates alike, mainly for its ease of use and simplicity. Using the Kanban method Of course, there are various evolutions of the Kanban method, but each retains the fundamental principles of columns, tasks, and flexibility. At MakerLabs, we use it for effective school team management. We use MeisterTask by grouping tasks into columns and then rearranging tasks by level of importance, with the highest at the top of each column. Each column references  our methodology for improving schools, focusing on; Leadership, Systems, and Processes. Tasks within the columns relate specifically to each of these themes and allow us to track developments and tasks as they happen. For projects that need a broad overview, we manage tasks by using column headings for each part of the project framework. Where even greater focus is needed, we create a project around one specific task. This allows us to use the Kanban methodology of Open, In Progress, Done. For example, if we were working with a school to audit and overhaul their IT systems, we would revert to raw Kanban methodology. Wed create a project around a broad set of tasks, for example, Server Migration, heading up columns with Open,  In Progress, Done. This way we have a clear overview of tasks and can monitor the project in much finer detail. If all of your team members can have this level of visibility over the project, while also understanding the part they are playing at any given time, you will foster a sense of responsibility. This responsibility leads team members to want to be accountable. This is the basis for positive and accountable school team management. A central system open and shared communication A project lives and dies by the way the projects team members communicate. Ive worked on several projects that have been managed by contractors or outside agencies. Each have been highly stressful for me and my team. The reason for this is simple poor communication. One particular project comes to mind. We were advising on IT changes that linked with various contractors including builders, architects, governing bodies, education authorities and on-site teaching staff. The project manager used three different emails, two mobile phones, instant messaging apps, and various hand-written note forms to communicate with different people within the project. In addition, every member of the project team used their own preferred method to communicate. Those using email only on a desktop, wouldn’t get notified of late-notice changes to plans. Simultaneously, others were bombarding members with instant messages. The project was highly chaotic and highly stressful. The majority of my team’s time was spent tracking and checking messages rather than using our expertise in school change. Frustrating to say the least. Having a system which is simple and quick to communicate through, while also allowing any user to orientate themselves quickly to changes or discussions, is crucial. Using one central system MeisterTask does just that. Team members are able to leave comments and replies within each particular task. Team members can also filter out discussion threads which arent  relevant.  As a result, conversations are focussed and its simple and quick for managers and team members to catch up on the latest, important  information. All communication related to school team management is streamlined. Your team management system needs to integrate  with the software that you and your team use every day. From spreadsheets and word processed documents  to PDF’s and CAD drawings. MeisterTask has integrations which allow you, at a click of a button, to integrate Office applications, instant messaging, or time tracking applications. Being web based, MeisterTask natively allows you to link to URLs (websites, videos, online documents like Google Drive). You can do this by simply pasting the website URL into the notes of comment section of a task. There is no need to hyperlink or open copious browser windows because its all managed within the application. Users on any device will then have instant access to files and documents, within a tap or a click. Within each task, team members can quickly attach documents from their desktop, and  third party services like Dropbox or Google Drive. As a result, all of this is done with minimal fuss. Again, there are no conversions, no multitude of clicks and no lost uploads. In summary, very simple. Notifications and Alerts Your staff are all individuals, have different skills, different ideas and different ways of working.  It’s important to allow your team members to work and interact with projects, engaging with the project content (discussions, tasks, time tracking, documents etc.) however  they feel comfortable to. Its also important to ensure  that team members wont miss out on important information. Virtually all staff will have access to a desktop and some may also use mobile phones or tablets. Schools we work with often purchase either a TV or large monitor and place it in the staff room. On the monitor teams display their school improvement MeisterTask projects for all to see. Regardless of what device a team member wants to use, the project management system needs to work. Importantly, the system needs to work in a similar way across all devices. You don’t want to invest time and money training team members on different versions of the same tool. MeisterTask works in exactly the same way across all platforms and devices. From small screen smartphones, to large tablets and PCs the experience is the same. Notifications across devices are also similar, but can be set to whatever suits the user. This means your team can choose to be notified with updates on the project in whatever format theyd like. From email to push notifications on their smartphone. All of this means that team members can remain connected to the project, stay informed, and be involved. Additionally, it means your school team management method doesnt need to be a pain for your team. Team members can choose to work in a way which works for them. Key take-aways: To encourage positive accountability while making your project management as transparent as possible Having a central, simple, quick to interact system will mean your staff will  have  fewer barriers in front of them when engaging with the project Using a project management tool which natively works on many devices, across operating systems, while remaining  the same on all, is vital to saving time and money on training. So there’s our advice for simple  school team management. In summary, provide your team with a simple and easy tool with a framework for transparency, communication and work sharing. At the same time, enable team members to set their own notification and communication settings allowing team members to work in whichever way works best. Manage School Projects Efficiently

Childhood Obesity A Growing Problem - 795 Words

Childhood obesity is a growing problem that needs to be resolved. Many people may say it is the Child’s fault, he is weak willed. This is just a common misconception; there are hundreds of different reasons for childhood obesity. I will just be scratching the surface of this paper. By the same token childhood obesity is a growing problem that needs to be resolved. We can achieve this by understanding some common misconceptions, understanding health problems, and understanding fitness. Therefore who is to blame for childhood obesity? The fact is, no one is to blame for childhood obesity, there are many reasons children become obese. Children usually gain weight throughout childhood, it is necessary. Often parents say, â€Å"we are not worried about our child’s weight everyone in our family is big, and we have always been like this.† In truth you need to keep your eyes on body mass index charts (common misconceptions page 2). Working with your child’s pediatrician and using plans based on credible evidence offer the best chance for long term weight loss. But some parents try to explain to their pediatricians their child will â€Å"Out grow† this weight problem (Health problems page.2).This is not always necessarily true. Based on this theory families are giving their children more food. This could not be less helpful. You need to rely on growth charts and your doctor’s advice. â€Å"Growing out of obesity† is not something y ou cannot count on. In fact, depending on your child’s eatingShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity. Childhood Obesity Is A Growing Problem1085 Words   |  5 PagesChildhood Obesity Childhood obesity is a growing problem in the United States. Childhood obesity is defined as a child being at or above the 95th percentile for the child’s age and sex (Dietz, 1998). 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The amount of excess body fat can lead to many â€Å"heathRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Growing Problem1177 Words   |  5 Pagesquote from Richard Carmona says, â€Å"If the childhood obesity epidemic remains unchecked, it will condemn many of our kids to shorter lives, as well as the emotional and financial burdens of poor health† (â€Å"Richard†). Carmona is right in many ways. More than ever, childhood obesity is a huge problem in America today. This disease is causes health problems, emotional problems, weakness, and fatigue. Childh ood obesity in America has become a widespread problem and will continue to worsen unless we enforceRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Growing Problem Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood obesity is becoming an increasingly severe problem in today’s society. This portfolio aims to explain different causations of childhood obesity, and evaluate the interventions that have been put in place to combat the issue. In 2015, 15% of children between the ages of 2 to 15, in Scotland, were at risk of obesity, in relation to their Body Mass Index (Scottish Health Survey, 2015). For children, the BMI ranges changes as they grow and get older, as well as being dependent on gender. ForRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Growing Problem Essay1047 Words   |  5 Pagesinformation on Childhood Obesity. I intend to first plainly explain a clear definition of what Childhood Obesity is. Next I plan on explaining some possible reasons why children develop obesity. I also want to give clear consequences and life struggles that may be associated with a child who is obese. I also want to discuss long term effects of this disease on the individual as well as society. Finally, I would like to discuss some possible treatments associated with curing obesity in children asRead MoreChildhood Obesity: A Growing Problem966 Words   |  4 PagesChildhood Obesity: A Growing Problem Did you know the parentage of overweight children and adolescents in the United States has nearly tripled since the early 1970s? Childhood obesity is a rising social problem in the United States and affects many Americans. There are many reasons why childhood obesity is a problem in our society which leads to long term consequences. A few of the consequences include heart disease, type 2 diabetes, asthma, sleep apnea, and social discrimination. All of theseRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Growing Problem1083 Words   |  5 PagesA huge problem that we are facing in the world today is that of childhood obesity. It is a rising epidemic, not only in the United States but around the world. 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Preparing to Conduct Business Research Part 4 Essay

Preparing to conduct Business Research 4 Veronica Davis Leslie Franklin Kathy Santiago University of Phoenix Business Research RES/351 Philip Ingraham January 3, 2013 Introduction This paper will address the following questions as it pertains to data analysis approach and quantitative and qualitative result reporting for BP. â€Å"How will you have access to the population to be sampled or interviewed? What are the instruments you will use to collect data or qualitative information? What is the appropriate sampling method? What sampling frame will be used? What is the appropriate sampling size? How will the sample size be determined? Which qualitative methods will be used and why? Which statistical tests will be used and†¦show more content†¦The surveys will also be the same for individuals in different parts of the United States to ensure the data collected is not bias or one-sided. The surveys will also be the primary instrument in collecting the data, however, the interviews and focus groups will be the other two instruments used. Sampling A sample is used when a portion of the target population must be used; neither time nor money allows the entire population to be used. A census would be the other form of data collection because the entire population is used. The portion used in the sample must be carefully selected to represent that population. If sampling is chosen, the researcher must determine which and how many people to interview, which and how many events to observe, or which and how many records to inspect (Cooper, 2014, p. 112). Choosing which sample method to be used is very important because this will be the basis for the way data is collected. If the wrong sample method is chosen the data will not be accurate, and in turn the analysis and the outcome will also be incorrect. For the purpose of this research, BP will use probability method; this is the best method to use because it will give you the most powerful statistical analyses on the results (choosing a sampling method, 2013, para. 1). Th e sampling frame within the probability method used will be stratified sampling. Even thoughShow MoreRelatedAccounting1024 Words   |  5 Pagesmeasuring, interpreting and communicating financial data by preparing financial statements in order to reflect financial condition and operating performance whereas Double-entry bookkeeping is the record of transactions that require entries in at least two accounts. * What types of information are critical to the performance of the accounting function in an organization? 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Topic: Motivation and its impact on job satisfaction in today s business Human resources are the most important among all the resources an organization own. To retainRead MoreResearch Proposal1447 Words   |  6 Pageshong kong Part-Time BA (Hons) Business Administration and Management Cohort January 2013 Module Title Business Research Issue and Anylysis (Module code BAMG 2104 ) Assignment Topic/ Title Research Proposal Name of Instructor Dr Michael Ng Name of Student 1) AU Kwan Tai, 2) Chan Yan Ki, 3) Choi Chak Pan, 4) Chong Ka Chun DMU Student No. 1) P13014477 , 2) P13014523 3) P13014614, 4) P13014628 Group No. Date of Submission 25 Feb, 2014 DMU Business Research MethodsRead MoreLawyers : Legal Issues And Disputes1072 Words   |  5 Pages businesses, and government agencies on legal issues and disputes. 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When to bail out Free Essays

Even the proponents of free economy accept some form of regulatory intervention on organizations that become mighty powerful. The regulatory authorities have a right to intervene, if the market forces are giving unfair advantages such as monopoly or pollution. Commercial banks can become mighty powerful and at the same be very fragile. We will write a custom essay sample on When to bail out or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even flourishing capital markets have not undermined the importance of commercial banking. Commercial banks are a widely used tool to stimulate the economy through loans that stimulate consumption and investment. Therefore, in essence the health of the banking sector is directly related to the health of an economy. Liquidity risk is inherent to commercial banking because the depositors can come and claim their deposits at anytime. A mismatch of time to maturity of advances and deposits can create severe problems. For instance, a wave of panic-stricken withdrawals can essentially bankrupt a bank in no time. This can trigger systematic risk and leave the entire economy shaken. The banks need to monitor their asset liability management statistics because any mismanagement can lead to bank runs or cash shortages. For these problems, central banks require of commercial banks to insure their deposits and provide them with liquidity support. By providing liquidity support central banks regulate the money market and injecting cash in the economy when demanded. These solutions in effect lead to other problems. For example, in insured deposits, depositors stop monitoring a bank’s performance and the banks increase their risk appetite by increasing lending. To address this issue the central bank requires banks to maintain a minimum capital adequacy ratio, and regulate insurance premiums to be proportional to the risk of a bank’s lending. However, recent stats suggest that capital adequacy is not a safe determinant to monitor banking sector. Commercial banks start to over rely on central bank’s liquidity support and tend to lend high premium loans to institutions with lower credit ratings. Even if such lending results in volatility in the money market such variations are small compared to the bank’s capital. Central bank needs to be proactive rather than be reactive because the public cost of economic instability and high interest rates is too high. Even the Basel II addresses risk capital framework but does not address provisioning for funding. The emphasis should be on liquidity rather than on solvency alone. Therefore, commercial banks need to be scrutinized through stricter prudential regulations. How to cite When to bail out, Papers

Nutrition and Obesity Researchers Essay Example

Nutrition and Obesity Researchers Essay Nutrition and Obesity Researchers BY kellygur13636 Obesity and Ways to Overcome It 1 Obesity A. )What is Obesity? 1 . ) Too much body fat 2. ) BMI calculates this B. )What are the causes? 1 . ) Overeating/Fast food 2. ) Not enough exercise 3. ) Television advertisements 4. ) Genes C. )Physical effects 1 . ) Not attractive 2. ) Health problems a. ) Diabetes b. ) High blood pressure D. )Mental Effects 1 . ) Social discrimination 2. ) Bias due to media 3. ) Low self-esteem 4. ) Depression 5. ) Eating Disorders 6. ) Limitations E. )Prevention 1 . ) Limiting fast food and calorie intake 2. ) Read nutrition facts . Exercise F. )Conclusion 1 . ) Eating right and exercise is the key to being healthy 2. ) Websites that can help obesity Obesity is becoming a major issue in America today. More than one-third of the population is obese according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and nearly 112,000 people die each year from obesity-related illnesses (Adult Obesity Facts). Obesity is still on the rise and has been for years. Obesity can affect anyone regardless of age, race, or gender. THERE ARE MANY FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO OBESITY AND THESE CAN HAVE MANY NEGATIVE EFFECTS BUT REASEARCH HAS SHOWN THAT HEALTHLY EATING HABITS AND EXERCISE CAN HELP AN INDIVIDUAL LIMIT THESE EFFECTS. Obesity simply means having too much body fat. This usually happens when one takes in more calories than he can burn off. This causes extra body fat and over time measured with BMI: Body Mass Index (BMI) can be used to measure both overweight and obesity in adults. It is the measurement of choice for many obesity researchers and other health professionals. BMI is a direct calculation based on height and weight, and it is not gender-specific. Most health organizations and published information on verweight and its associated risk factors use BMI to measure and define overweight and obesity. BMI does not directly measure percent of body fat, but it provides a more accurate measure of overweight and obesity than relying on weight alone (How Obesity is Measured). A BMI of 18. 5 to 24. 9 is considered healthy for adults. A BMI of 25 to 29. 9 is considered overweight, while a BMI of 30 and above is considered obese. People with BMIs of 18. 5 or less are considered underweight (Weight Loss Diet Plans). Obesity can be caused by several things. We will write a custom essay sample on Nutrition and Obesity Researchers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nutrition and Obesity Researchers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nutrition and Obesity Researchers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Eating too many fatty foods and not xercising is one cause. Some people think that fast food is to blame for obesity. Fast food is so tasty, convenient, and inexpensive. The portion sizes are bigger than they should be with supersize and extra-large. According to McDonalds USA nutrition facts a big mac contains 550 calories, a large French fry contains 500 calories, and a large coke contains 310 calories. Thats a total of 1,360 calories for one meal which is more than half of the daily recommended amount of 2,000 calories (McDonalds USA Nutrition Facts for Popular Menu Items). Fast food advertisements are constantly shown on television. Advertisers spend so much money advertising messages for children and teens. In the book Obesity and the Media, Oconner states: According to a Kaiser Family Foundation study, the average American child watches more than forty thousand television commercials per year Most of these forty thousand ads are for candy, cereal, soda, and fast food ( Oconner 21). Its no wonder people choose fast food over healthy, home cooked meals. Genes can also cause obesity. The genes that could influence obesity are still being investigated. Freedman states: According to the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and prevention, several independent studies have reported that a gene referred to as an FTO(fat mass- and obesity-associated) gene might be responsible for up to 22 percent of all cases of common obesity in general population(Freedman 14). If a persons parents are obese, he is at risk of becoming obese. If both of a persons parents are obese, this risk doubles. Children tend to follow the eating habits of their parents. So if the parent is always eating fatty foods, the child follows because they think it is okay (How Parents Are Influencing Their Childrens Bad Eating Habits). In todays society Obesity is not attractive. Rarely do you see someone who is obese in movies or magazines because she is not physically attractive to most people. Not only does obesity affect someone on the outside, obesity can also cause many physical effects to ones health. Being overweight or obese can increase the likelihood of developing serious health problems including the following: type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, some types of cancer, gall bladder disease, osteoarthritis, respiratory problems, and sleep apnea (Overview of Obesity). the book The Mental and Physical Effects of Obesity, Jeri Freedman states: Ninety percent of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. Studies have shown a close relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes. In the past, most cases of type 2 diabetes were diagnosed in middle-aged and elderly people. However, in numbers of preteens and teens have been diagnosed recent years, increasing with type 2 diabetes (22). This can make the lives of these people very difficult. A person with diabetes is supposed to follow a special diet, take medication, and constantly monitor the level of sugar in his blood. If this is not followed, it could cause other problems and could be fatal (22). High blood pressure, which can also be linked to obesity, is a serious condition that can lead to coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, kidney failure, and other health problems. In an online article titled High Blood Pressure and Obesity it says: Many medical studies have shown a relation between obesity and high blood pressure. In fact, obese people have a higher blood pressure than people with a normal blood pressure. The cardiovascular risk is increased with obesity (High Blood Pressure and Obesity). Its alarming to know that obesity can cause this many health problems. There are also many mental issues that are linked to obesity. Social discrimination is common among people who are obese. Obesity is looked down upon. People can learn to be biased from messages in the media. In the book Obesity Discrimination by Dale-Marie Bryan, he states: A 2002 study published in Research and Practice by Greenberg, Eastin ,Hofschire, Brownell and Lachlian, showed that in real life, one in four women is obese, but on television only three out of every one hundred women are portrayed as heavier. It also showed that men in real life are three times more likely to be large-sized than he men on television (27). With that said, people think that the world should be skinny, and try to live up to those standards. Discrimination can happen at school, work, and even within families. Sometimes children who are obese are ignored and made fun of by other children. This can cause low self-esteem. Low self-esteem can lead to depression. Freedman states: Depressed people often have low energy, which makes them less likely to get exercise and more likely to stay home and eat (33). Obesity can also lead to eating disorders because of the emphasis of being overweight. In an online article it states: High numbers of adolescent girls are reporting that they are dissatisfied with their bodies and are trying to lose weight in unhealthy ways, including skipping meals, fasting, and using tobacco. A smaller number of girls are even resorting to more extreme methods such as self-induced vomiting, diet pills, and laxative use. (Eating Disorders and Obesity). People who are obese cannot do some of things that people who arent obese can do. One example is, when going to an amusement park, there are weight limits on the rides, and the seats are made for smaller people. Someone who is obese cannot get n. Movie theaters, bathrooms, and restaurant booths are all made for smaller frames so being obese makes it hard to use these. A friend of mine, is considered obese. She is 25 years old, weighs 300 pounds and is 58. She has been obese since elementary school. I conducted a phone interview Being obese has affected me physically because its hard for me to do physical activities and I become out of breath and tire easily. Mentally, I often feel depressed because of my weight. Sometimes I feel that people look at me differently because of my weight and criticize me. I have been called fat and a whale numerous times by my peers. It is something that I struggle with every day. I havent had a serious relationship with a male and I believe that it is because of my weight. Guys Just dont seem to find me attractive. Both of my parents have passed away at a young age due to being obese. They both suffered from diabetes and high blood pressure. My mother was 45 when she died and my father was 47. This has opened my eyes and I have been trying to change my eating habits and exercise more. It is not easy though since I have been this way all my life. Being obese affects Katie in many ways. It is sad to hear how people treat her because of her weight. In my eyes, she is a great person, and I dont Judge her by her weight. I do try to encourage her to change her eating habits and exercise more frequently because I dont want her to lose her life because of her obesity. There are several ways that obesity can be prevented and treated. Limiting the amount of food, especially fast food, is a good way. Because fast food is so high in cholesterol and fat, limiting the amount eaten to no more than once per week can prevent someone from becoming overweight or obese. Reading the nutrition labels on foods being eaten is a good way to recognize how much fat and calories is in it. The FDA recommends that someone should choose foods that have fewer calories per serving and that are lower in saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium . The majority of calories someone eats should come from vegetables, milk, whole grains, fruit, and smaller amounts of meat. Portion control should be practiced (Using Nutrition Labels). Here are some suggestions from the FDA: Dont think of certain foods as off-limit, instead start by reducing the portion size of the unhealthy foods that you crave and add something healthy on to your plate. Use smaller plates, drink more water, and start implementing the plate model MyPlate enforced by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. When eating out, its a good idea to choose a starter like a delicious salad and then skip the supersized meal and order a normal sized meal instead. Healthy eating also means to eat slowly and make sure to chew your food properly for a better digestion. If you have a habit of eating in front of the TV or computer, its easy that you overeat. Make time to eat and dont rush it and enjoy your food without distractions (Eating Health can be easy). Exercising on a regular basis can help someone to stay fit and in shape by burning off excess calories. Bill Hendrick, a writer for WebMD Health News says, While frequent exercise is known to fght obesity and improve mental health, as little as 30 minutes of physical activity one or two days a week can have benefits. Exercise can improve someones mood because it causes the brain to release chemicals that can make someone more relaxed and less stressed out. It helps weight management and can even help someone to sleep better. (Hendrick). In the article Exercise and Physical Fitness it states that, Regular exercise is a critical part of staying healthy. People who are active live longer and feel better. Exercise can help you maintain a healthy weight. It can delay or prevent diabetes, physical activity at least five days per week. Examples include walking briskly, mowing the lawn, dancing, swimming for recreation or bicycling. Stretching and weight training can also strengthen your body and improve your fitness level (Exercise and Physical Fitness). Obesity is something that has been growing in America. With the harmful effects that come with it, many measures are taken to address it and treat it. It can be hard to lose weight and it doesnt happen overnight some people are taking steps to help it. Eating right and exercising is the key to being healthy and fit. A good way to measure BMI and determine if someone is overweight or obese is to visit cdc. gov and use the BMI tracker. There is a website available (www. myfitnesspal. com) that can track calorie intake and exercise. Many other websites are available to help overcome obesity. There are also groups someone can attend to get help, one example is weight watchers. Although obesity is still a major issue today people can get the help and take the steps needed to overcome it. Works Cited BMI Calculator Plus: Personalized BMI for Your Body Type and Metabolism. WebMD. WebMD, n. d. web. 28 NOV. 2012. Bryan, Dale-Marie. Obesity Discrimination. First ed. New York: Rosen Central, 2009. Print. Eating Healthy Can Be Easy. Food Pyramid. N. p. , n. d. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. Exercise and Physical Fitness. U. S National Library of Medicine. U. S. National Library of Medicine, n. d. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. Freedman, Jeri. The Mental and Physical Effects of Obesity. First ed. New York: Rosen pub. , 2009. print. Hendrick, Bill. Even a Little Exercise Fights Obesity. WebMD. WebMD, n. d. Web. 08 NOV. 2012. High Blood Pressure and Obesity. Blood-pressure-hypertension. com. N. p. , n. d. web. NOV. 2012. How Is Obesity Measured? Annecollins. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 08 Nov. 2012. McAlpine, Katie. How Does Obesity Affect Your Life. Telephone interview. 08 Nov. 2012. McDonalds USA Nutrition Facts for Popular Menu Items. Nutrition. mcdonalds. com. N. p. , n. d. web. 28 NOV. 2012. Overview of Obesity. Summa Health System. N. p. , n. d. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. Using the Nutrition Facts Label. Fda. gov. N. p. , n. d. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. Wilkinson, Michelle. How Parents Are Influencing Their Childrens Bad Eating Habits. Dr Akilah El Celestial Healing Wellness Center. N. p. , n. d. Web. 28 Nov. 2012.

Stress Essays

Stress Essays Stress Essay Stress Essay Stress is the loading applied   Ã‚  on the material while strain is the deformation that results due to application of load or stress. By this definition, it is obvious that stress and strain are related and that relationship can best be explained by considering a stress-strain curve (Figure 1). Building materials have their own corresponding stress-strain curve which can be obtained by recording the amount of deformation (strain) upon application of tensile or compressive loading. Curve results reveal the behavior or properties of materials when load (weight) is applied.Figure1. Stress-Strain curveConsider the Stress-Strain curve of building materials in Figure 1. For concrete materials, its curve is almost a straight line and ends rather abruptly. This means that concretes easily fractures or fails (brittle material). Likewise, the resulting curve for cast iron is straight indicating that it too is brittle. However, as the graph indicates it can withstand higher stress before failure than concretes do. Nevertheless, both of these materials will fail or fracture with little warning once their limits (maximum loading) are exceeded. Mild steel on the other hand, has a gentle curving at the top. This means that mild steel has different properties than cast iron or concrete. The gentle curving signifies that after certain point mild steel will continue to strain (in the case of tension, to stretch) as the stress (the loading) remains more or less constant. This indicates a high ductility. However, at certain point, or maximum bearable loading, the material will not continue to stretch but will ultimately fail.Stress can be applied to building materials in two ways: by compression or stretching (tensile).     Ã‚  Compressive strength is the maximum stress that a material will bear when it is subjected to a load that pushes it together. Tensile strength is the maximum stress a material will bear when it is subjected to a stretching load (Luebkeman 1997).ReferenceLuebkeman, Chris H. and Donald Peting. (1997). Stress-Strain Curves. Retrieved 12 October 2007 from http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~struct/courseware/461/461_lectures/ /461_lecture24/461_lecture24.html Stress Essays Stress Essay Stress Essay Over the years, stress has been studied by members of the medical, psychological, business, and even academic professions. The reason for this is that the problem occurs on a very wide scale. The scope of the problem even extends to the definition, as even this has been the cause of several stressful debates. There are also three kinds of stress: acute, episodic acute, and chronic stress (APA, 2004). Despite the disagreement about its definition, however, many have accepted that credited to Richard S. Lazarus: â€Å"a condition or feeling experienced when a person perceives that demands exceed the personal and social resources the individual is able to mobilize† (Mindtools). Although stress often derives from a person’s feeling about a situation or problem (specifically, that it might be too great for him or her alone to handle), it also has considerable physical implications. It affects several of the major systems of the body, including the digestive, immune, nervous, and cardiovascular systems. Evidence of this can be seen in the form of diarrhea, increased cardiovascular activity, and increased susceptibility to diseases (MayoClinic, 2005). Since stress can cause damage to the vital systems of the body, it is often crucial to recognize it early and takes steps to control it. There are several ways to reduce stress without the help of medication, and these have mainly to do with attitude and lifestyle. According to the article â€Å"How can I manage stress?† by the American Heart Association, ways to reduce stress include changing one’s response to difficult situations and learning to decline offers. These are indeed psychological solutions to a problem that affects people on a physical level, but it is not to be forgotten that stress often is as a result of psychological issues. Therefore, though stress is a health hazard, it is both preventable and curable. However, one has to have the mind to do it. (Consultation with one’s doctor is recommended, especially for people with a family history of heart disease or strokes.) The causes of stress are variable and its effects are often damaging, both psychologically and physically. However, as its causes are mainly psychological, the effects can often be reduced by a â€Å"simple† change in lifestyle. When signs and symptoms of stress are perceived, action should be taken immediately to avoid its numerous health risks. Support from family and friends might be of great help in a stressful time, and any help offered should be promptly accepted. References â€Å"Different kinds of stress, the† (2004) APA Help Center 8. Nov. 2005 [Online], Available: apahelpcenter.org/articles/article.php?id=21 How can I manage stress? (2004) American Heart Association. 8 Nov. 2005 [Online], Available: americanheart.org/downloadable/heart/110167971464923%20HowCanIManageStress.pdf Stress management Mindtools 8 Nov. 2005. [Online], Available: mindtools.com/stress/UnderstandStress/StressDefinition.htm Stress: Why you have it and how it hurts your health. (2005, September 7) MayoClinic.Com [Online], Available: mayoclinic.com/health/stress/SR00001 nbsp;

What to Wear to a Job Interview

What to Wear to a Job Interview When you head off to a job interview, in whatever guise, what you wear is just as important as what you say. Look at it this way – your clothes and the way you present yourself are a reflection of who you are, your personality, how seriously you take yourself and life, and in the end, how seriously you would take the job you’re being interviewed for. It’s for this reason that you need to pay serious attention to what you wear to your upcoming interview. We know that interviews themselves are scary things, but you can put yourself ahead of the competition if you present yourself in the right way. Of course, you could be attending an interview in a variety of different circumstances, be it for a part time job on top of your studies, in order to earn a little extra cash, or it could be that you’re looking to start your career on a full-time basis, and you’re being interviewed for your first job. Whichever of these you fall into, or somewhere in the middle, check out these suggestions for what to wear to power you to success. Research the company It’s not just about what to say or write in cover letter when you are interviewed in terms of the company and its ethos, but also about what their dress code is. You need to fit in with this as soon as possible, and that starts at the interview. Google is your friend here, so do a little investigating and put yourself ahead of the game. This shows initiative and will stand you in good stead. Some companies have a more relaxed dress code for work, but that doesn’t mean you should adopt this for your interview, simply try and incorporate it, whilst still being smart and well turned out. Which leads us onto †¦. being smart and well turned out Clothes should be in good condition, no rips or tears, and they should be ironed to get rid of any creases. If ripped jeans are in, don’t wear them – think smart and you won’t go far wrong. Basically, your appearance has to reflect your work ethic, but also hint at your own personality too, in a subtle but clear way. It’s a fine line, but one which when done correctly, works very well indeed. For instance, if you’re going for a part time job on top of your studies in a coffee house and you’re being interviewed for a barista job, power dressing won’t be the way forward; instead, you need to think about being smart, but also showing that you are an individual yourself and you can connect with the people you will be working with. It’s hard to give suggestions, because everyone’s personality is different, but a pair of black trousers with a brightly coloured shirt could show personality, however don’t go for neon because that doesn’t look good on anyone! Laid back but smart would be the way forward here, perhaps a patterned scarf would hint at your quirky nature. Don’t be inappropriate Flashing the flesh will not win you any fans, and it will probably turn your interviewers right off. Whilst you might be under the (rather false) impression that a cleavage on show might get you remembered, bear in mind that you will be remembered for the wrong reasons. Think classy and sophisticated, rather than trashy. As we hinted at before, you can express your personality, but tone it down! Nobody said you had to totally avoid showing your personality in your dress, but don’t be too ‘out there’ because it may not translate the same meaning as you intend. Clothing needs to be age appropriate, as well as appropriate for the situation. For instance, if you’re going for an interview for a law internship, you need to stick to the very professional and smart rules, such as a suit, tie, and dress shoes for the men, and a trouser suit, skirt, or dress to the knee or below for the girls. On the other hand, if you’re heading off for an interview in a funky art gallery, being too smart might not win you the right look. Grooming is just as important What you wear is imperative, but your general upkeep is too! Of course, we are talking about personal hygiene, having clean, tidy hair, having a shave for the boys amongst you, and generally smelling fresh and flowery, rather than as though you have just pulled a study all-nighter. Don’t forget this important step! Dressing for your interview is about knowing what kind of job you’re going for and tailoring what you wear accordingly. Do your research, show your personality a little, but always be smart. Good luck!

The World According to Miranda July Research Paper

The World According to Miranda July - Research Paper Example While she attended U.C. Santa Cruz only for a few years, her subsequent move to Portland, Oregon began the catalyst that would push her career forward and convince her to pursue her creative impulses as a career, whether in film, writing, performance art or music (Durbin 2005). Â  Portland was an artist-friendly location where Ms. July could flourish and grow as a performance artist. In 1996, now an experimental filmmaker, she began a project called Joanie4Jackie as a way to inspire and showcase the works of female filmmakers, soliciting short films that would then be put on videotape and distributed as a cinematic chain letter (Wenclas 2010). She later created a second collection of submitted films called the Co-Star series. The Joanie4Jackie series would eventually find a larger audience through screenings at film festivals and DIY events. Her level of creative success and the productive nature of her portfolio would continue to grow. Â  Why the newly defined focus on filmmaking? For Ms. July, the move was a natural progression as she matured creatively and understood that the power of film allows the author a unique means of expression that other creative mediums may lack. As she told an interviewer for Believer Magazine: Â  I became really interested in how much I could show this hard-to-articulate, kind of magical or somewhat ephemeral things through really worldly, grounded ways. And it just seemed like this medium was good for that. (Horowitz 2005) Â  Artistically preoccupied with the human condition, primarily the weight of loneliness and our desire to relieve that burden through some type of personal connection, Ms. July breathes life into the mundane.

A new tourist market, Costa Rica Research Paper

A new tourist market, Costa Rica - Research Paper Example The term alternative tourism is easily explained by describing the setting and activities undertaken at alternative tourist sites. Is this because alternative tourism is not an independent phenomenon but that, it was crafted out of the traditional type of tourism, commonly referred to as mass tourism. Newsome, Moore & Dowling (2002) describe alternative tourism as â€Å"the existence of small or medium companies, created by families or friends, where there is the possibility of more contact with the communities and where most of the times there is a respect for the environment.† This means that alternative tourism is best seen in the set up of a particular tourist site and the kind of activities that go on there. Alternative tourism is therefore the opposite of the traditional form of tourism which is characterized by companies are property of big transnational corporations, where one expects the same type of service and facilities all around the world.In this form of tourism, the owners of tourist sites barely have any connection with the local community. As far as they are concerned, they are into business and the tourist is their greatest assert. So where as mass tourism is set up by big companies and corporations, alternative tourism is set up by relatively small groups of people, mostly family-owned. Again, whereas mass tourism has relatively nothing to do with the local community, alternative tourism focuses on the local community, what the community is made up of, its culture, its arts, its history and so on. As tourists around the world look for diversity in their visitations, most of them have resorted to alternative tourism for this variety. Countries around the world have therefore began giving alternative tourism a lot of attention. One of such countries is Costa Rica. Background of alternative tourism in Costa Rica In recent years, Costa Rica has embraced alternative tourism. This is seen in the springing up of several well resourced alterna tive tourism destinations in the country. The specialty of these tourism destinations are in the fields of native arts and crafts. These are aspects of tourism that helps in the promotion of the rich culture of the country. Barker (2010) observes that â€Å"In recent years, however, artists across the spectrum have found a new confidence and are shaking off rigid social norms, exciting for a country long dismissed as a cultural backwater.† This is to say that the promotion of art and culture as part of the unique identity of Costa Rica was relative impoverished in the country until recently when the urge to promote art and culture was taken over by alternative tourism in the country. Presently, the alternative tourism industry is taking great advantage of the country’s abundant natural resource gift. Todras-Whitehill (2009) notes that Costa Rica is â€Å"enclosed in tropical lines of latitude, with appropriate squiggles for mountains, coasts and interior borders, it's an inkblot for projecting travel fantasies. Beach lovers trace the craggy coasts and see hammocks swinging in the sunset breeze.† The tourism industry in Costa Rica has capitalized on this to promote alternative tourism in the area of culture heritage, events, showcasing beauty of nature vacation travels. Among all tourist destinations in Costa Rica, one destination site that has been hailed as the most preferred is the Manuel Antonio National Park Manuel Antonio National Park, an outstanding alternative tourism destination in Perspective Manuel Antonio National Park is in the alternative tourism business in Costa Rica. It is found in the North Puntarenas Province of Costa Rica. Manuel Antonio Na

the coach :: essays research papers

I had been running track all through high school and was just about to start my senior season. I had never been great, but good enough to make states last year in the middle distances. Up until this year our only coaches were your typical, out of shape, over the hill, middle aged women who only coached track because they were either mean old biddies who liked to boss around young women or were athletes themselves before they let themselves go and now wanted to relive their fantasies of victory through our hard work and sweat. This spring though, things changed. We had a student teacher that offered to help out with the track team. She had run track in both high school and college but had used up her last year of eligibility and now was working on her Masters of Education. Her name was Naomi and she was assigned the runners since she obviously was better at it than any of our other coaches. Not only that, but she was faster than anyone else on the team except our top girl in the 100. She could easily beat everyone else in any distance up to the mile. Add to that the fact that she was prettier than most of the girls on the team and our fragile egos were taking a beating. If she hadn't been one of the nicest and most helpful people in the world things might have gotten ugly. Instead, she became one of our best friends, as well as our coach and some of our teacher. I don't know exactly why, but Naomi seemed to make me her special project for the season. From the first day of practice she pushed me harder than anyone else, spent more time with me and made sure that I pushed myself. Maybe it was because I ran the same distances she ran, but then again so did a few of the other girls. Maybe it was because she saw something in me that none of the other coaches had. I wasn't sure what it was, but at times I enjoyed the extra attention, at other times I hated it when she made me run the extra distance or work extra hard. She seemed to be able to know exactly how to get the best out of me though because by mid season she had me running the best times I had ever run and even a few college scouts were starting to stop by at our meets to check me out.

Anylasis of three extracts

The three extracts I am comparing are written by three different authors. The first extract I am going to tell you about is written by a famous author called ‘Terry Pratchett'. The second extract is written by a children's author ‘Charles Dickens'. And finally, the third extract I am going to explain, is written by another well-known author, ‘Eoin Colfer'. With these three extracts, I am going to inform and describe how the characters and settings are developed. In the first extract the characters are well described using many adjectives. For example ‘Mr Horsefry' was described as a ‘youngish man, not simply running to fat but vaulting, leaping and driving towards obesity. He had acquired at thirty and impressive selection of chins, and now they wobbled with angry pride. ‘ I can picture this man with so many chains and not being able to speak properly. This is a funny description and makes the reader want to read on and see what else the reader writes about Mr Horsefry. Terry Pratchett' also writes that Mr Horsefry is: ‘Despite his expression, which was that of a piglet having a bright idea, and his mode of speech, which might put you in mind of a small, breathless, neurotic but ridiculously expensive dog, Mr Horsefry might have been a kind, generous and pious man. In the same way, the man climbing out of your window in a stripy jumper, a mask and a great hurry might merely be lost on the way to a fancy-dress party, and the man in a wig and robes at the focus of the courtroom might only be a transvestite who wondered in out of the rain. When I read this description I was laughing, and I could imagine a man dressed up as a woman who has god knows how many chains and seeing him wondering in the rain. Also listening to him when he speaks, it would be difficult to understand him because his chins would get in the way. This is a very good and clear description of ‘Mr Horsefry' and enjoyable to read and if someone reads this description they would know what ‘Mr Horsefry' looks like and what his personality is like. Also in this extract, it is a shame that ‘Terry Pratchett' didn't describe the settings as much as he describes ‘Mr Horsefry'. For example the quote, â€Å"Ah, this would be . . . what is it now . . . the glass ceiling? † said lord Vetinari brightly. â€Å"No, my lord. That is something else. I believe you may be thinking about the ‘Agatean Wall†. This quote tells me what the ceilings and the walls may look like, but it doesn't tell me what else the place looks like. The writer could have described what the canary looked like or what time of year it was, for example was it in the middle of winter, or was it in late summer. But I don't know because this wasn't explained in the extract. However ‘Terry Pratchett' could have explained this in the beginning of the story or later on in the story, I'm not to sure. Describing the setting would make the story a lot better and when the reader reads this extract they would be able to picture what is going on and where the characters are, as that is what happening now, I am confused where the characters are and I am thinking of a completely different place to what the writer is thinking of when he wrote this book. In the second extract ‘Charles Dickens' describes the character, ‘The Ghost of Christmas Past' as: ‘It's hair, which hung about its neck and down its back, was white, and if with age; and not yet the face had not a wrinkle in it, and the tenderest bloom was on the skin. The arms were very long and muscular; the hands the same, as if it hold were of uncommon strength. Its legs and feet, most delicately formed, were, like those upper members, bare. It wore a tunic of the purest white; and round its waist was a lustrous belt, the sheen of which was beautiful. It had its dress trimmed with summer flowers. But the strangest thing about it was, that from the crown of its head there sprang a bright clear jet of light, by which all this was visible; and which was doubtless the occasion of its using, in its duller moments, a great extinguisher for a cap, which it now held under its arm. ‘ This is a brilliant description of the sprit and I can picture what ‘The Ghost of Christmas Past' looks like. I know exactly what her hair, skin, feet, legs and what she was wearing. This is also a very clear description as well. It is easy to understand and easy to see what the ghost looks like. In this extract ‘Charles Dickens' does not describe the setting as much in detail as he did with the character ‘The Ghost of Christmas Past'. For example the quote: ‘Not the curtains at his feet, nor the curtains at his back, but those to which his face was addressed. The curtain of his bed drawn aside;' this quote tells me a little bit about Cosmos room and the curtains. However I find this quote quite confusing as I am not to sure whether or not the curtains are in Cosmo's room and where else are the curtains. Also I am not sure where he is, is he in his room? Or is he somewhere less? For example, is Cosmo in a huge empty mansion? Or is he in some hall way? Who knows? That is why it is important to tell the reader where the character is otherwise the reader gets lost. The finial extract is written by anther well known author ‘Eoin Colfer'. He has developed his characters in his story by using a few adjectives. He describes a character, Cosmo who is a young boy aged fourteen years old as: ‘Cosmo receives his schooling from education software, his teeth were whiter that white and his hair was lustrous and flake-free, but his insides felt like they were being scoured with a radioactive wire brush. Eventually Cosmo realized that the orphanage was slowly killing him. It was time to get out. ‘ ‘Eoin Colfer' didn't use as much adjectives as the other writers did. The description of Cosmo was not that clear, as I didn't know exactly what he looked like. However the quote: ‘†¦ aby Cosmo was discovered swaddled in an insulated Cheery Pizza envelope on Cosmonaut Hill in Moscowtown. The state police swabbed him for DNA, search for a match in the Satellite mainframe and came up blank. Nothing unusual about that, orphans turn up every day in the city. So the newly christened Cosmo Hill was dipped in a vaccine vat and sent on a tube to the Clarissa Frayne Institute or Parentally Challenged Boys Freight. ‘ This quote tells me that Cosmo was an orphan and was found on ‘Cosmonaut Hill in Moscowtown'. This quote many not tell me what Cosmo looks like but it does tell me about how he was found. So this is a pretty good description of where he was found. Also in this extract ‘Eoin Colfer' has used many descriptive words to develop the setting. For example the quote: ‘Satellite City was not part of any welfare state, so the institution had to raise funds any way they could. Clarissa Frayne's speciality was product testing. Whenever a new modified food or untested pharmaceutical product was being developed, the orphanage volunteered its charges as guinea pigs. It made perfect financial sense. The orphans got fed and cleaned, and the Frayne Institute got paid for the privilege. This quote tells me about the orphanage and ‘Clarisse Frayne'. This quote may not describe the settings as much as the other stories did but it tells me a lot about the orphanage, but at least that is something. So overall I have realised that it is important to describe the character in the stories, otherwise the reader would think of something else that the writer may not be thing of. Also this is the same for the settings. You have to explain but the area is like and where the characters are. This is important as well so that the reader can picture what is going on without getting confused.

Understanding String Literals in Ruby

String objects hold ordered sequences of bytes, typically characters, usually to form pieces of human-readable text. Theyre a very common object type in all programming languages, and Ruby has a number of high-level and a few low-level ways to create, access and manipulate String objects. Strings are most often created with a String literal. A literal is a special syntax in the Ruby language that creates an object of a specific type. For example, 23 is a literal that creates a ​Fixnum object. As for String literals, there are several forms. Single-Quotes and Double-Quoted Strings Most languages have a String literal similar to this, so this may be familiar. The types of quotes, (single quote, apostrophe or hard quote) and (double quote or soft quote) are used to enclose string literals, anything between them will be turned into String objects. The following example demonstrates this. But there are some differences between single and double quotes. Double quotes  or soft quotes enable some magic to happen behind the scenes. Most useful is interpolation inside strings, useful for inserting the value of a variable into the middle of a string. This is achieved by using the #{ †¦ } sequence. The following example will ask you for your name and greet you, using interpolation to insert your name into the string literal thats printed. Note that any code can go inside the braces, not just variable names. Ruby will evaluate that code and whatever is returned it will attempt to insert it into the string. So you could just as easily say Hello, #{gets.chomp} and forget about the name variable. However, its good practice not to put long expressions inside the braces. Single quotes, apostrophes, or hard quotes are much more restrictive. Inside of the single quotes, Ruby will perform no interpolation or escape sequences other than escaping the single quote character and backslash itself (\ and \\ respectively). If you dont intend to use interpolation, its recommended to use single quotes more often than not. The following example will attempt to interpolate a variable inside of single quotes. If you run this youll get no error, but what will be printed? The interpolation sequence was passed through uninterpreted. When Should I Use Single and Double Quotes This is a matter of style. Some prefer to use double quotes all of the time unless they become inconvenient. Others would rather use single quotes unless the interpolation behavior is intended. Theres nothing inherently dangerous about using double quotes all of the time, but it does make some code easier to read. You dont need to read a string when reading through code if you know there are no interpolations in it  because you know the string itself wont have any side effects. So which string literal form you use is up to you, there is no real right and wrong way here. Escape Sequences What if, in a string literal, you want to include a quote character? For instance, the string Steve said Moo!  wont work. And neither will Cant touch this!. Both of these strings include the quote character inside of the string, effectively ending the string literal and causing a syntax error. You could switch quote characters, like Steve said Moo!, but that doesnt really solve the problem. Instead, you can escape any quote character inside the string, and it will lose its special meaning (in this case, the special meaning is to close the string). To escape a character, prepend it with the backslash character. The backslash character tells Ruby to ignore any special meaning the next character may have. If its a matching quote character, dont end the string. If its a hash sign, dont start an interpolation block. The following example demonstrates this use of backslash to escape special characters. The backslash character can be used to remove any special meaning from the following character but, confusingly, it can also be used to denote special behavior in double-quoted strings. Most of these special behaviors have to do with inserting characters and byte sequences that cannot be typed or represented visually. Not all Strings are character strings  or may contain control sequences intended for the terminal, and not the user. Ruby gives you the ability to insert these types of strings using the backslash escape character. \n - A newline character. The puts method does this automatically, but if you wish to insert one in the middle of a string, or the string is destined for something other than the puts method, you can use this to insert a newline in a string.\t - A tab character. The tab character moves the cursor over (on most terminals) to a multiple of 8, so this is very useful for display tabular data. However, there are better ways of doing this, and using the tab character is considered a bit archaic or hackish.\nnn - A backslash followed by 3 numbers will denote an ASCII character represented by 3 octal digits. Why octal? Mostly for historical reasons.\xnn - A backslash, an x, and 2 hex digits. The same as the octal version, only with hex digits. Youll probably never use most of these, but know that they exist. And also remember that they only work in double-quoted strings. The next page discusses multi-line strings and an alternate syntax for string literals. Multi-Line Strings Most languages dont allow multi-line string literals, but Ruby does. Theres no need to end your strings and append more strings for the next line, Ruby handles multi-line string literals just fine with the default  syntax. Alternate Syntax As with most other literals, Ruby provides an alternate syntax for string literals. If youre using a lot of quote characters inside your literals, for example, you may want to use this syntax. When you use this syntax is a matter of style, theyre usually not needed for strings. To use the alternate syntax, use the following sequence for single-quoted strings  %q{ †¦ }. Similarly, use the following syntax for double-quoted strings  %Q{ †¦ }. This alternate syntax follows all the same rules as their normal cousins.  Also,  note that you can use any characters you wish instead of braces. If you use a brace, square bracket, angle bracket or parenthesis, then the matching character will end the literal. If you dont want to use matching characters, you can use any other symbol (anything not a letter or number). The literal will be closed with another of the same symbol. The following example shows you several ways to use this syntax. The alternate syntax also works as a multi-line string.